Kugwiritsa ntchito thonje kukuyembekezeka kukhala kotsika kwambiri m'zaka zoposa 100 kutsekedwa kwa mphero za thonje ku US kukuchulukirachulukira

Malinga ndi nkhani zakunja pa Epulo 1, katswiri wina, IlenaPeng, anati kufunikira kwa opanga ku US kwa thonje kukupitirirabe ndipo kukuchulukirachulukira. Pa nthawi ya Chiwonetsero cha Padziko Lonse cha Chicago (1893), pafupifupi mafakitale 900 a thonje anali kugwira ntchito ku United States. Koma NationalCottonCouncil ikuyembekeza kuti chiwerengerocho chikhale pafupifupi 100 pakadali pano, ndipo mafakitale asanu ndi atatu akutsekedwa m'miyezi isanu yapitayi ya 2023 yokha.
"Popeza kupanga nsalu m'nyumba kwatha, alimi a thonje ali ndi mwayi wochepa wopeza ogula kunyumba kuti akolole zokolola zina." Maekala mamiliyoni ambiri a mbewu za thonje akubzalidwa mwezi uno kuchokera ku California kupita ku Carolinas."

| N’chifukwa chiyani kufunikira kwa anthu kukuchepa ndipo mafakitale a thonje akutha?

JohnMcCurry wa FarmProgress adalengeza kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Marichi kuti "kusintha kwa mapangano amalonda, makamaka North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), kwasokoneza kwambiri makampaniwa."

"Oyang'anira opanga zinthu adzudzula kutsekedwa mwadzidzidzi kwa mafakitale angapo posachedwapa chifukwa cha 'zosafunika kwenikweni,' mawu omwe mwa tanthauzo lake ndi osafunika kapena osafunikira kwenikweni, koma pankhaniyi amatanthauza chilichonse chosiyana." Amatanthauza njira yolowera malonda yomwe imalola kutumiza katundu wopanda msonkho pansi pa $800. Bungwe la dziko lonse la nsalu (NationalCouncilofTextileOrganizations NCTO) linati chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa malonda amagetsi, 'njira yocheperako imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kutipangitsa kugulitsa katundu wopanda msonkho mamiliyoni angapo'."

“NCTO ikudzudzula njira yochepa kwambiri yomwe yachititsa kuti mafakitale asanu ndi atatu a thonje atsekedwe m'miyezi itatu yapitayi,” adatero McCurry. “Mafakitale a thonje omwe adatsekedwa akuphatikizapo 188 Mills ku Georgia, fakitale yozungulira yoyendetsedwa ndi boma ku North Carolina, Gildan Yarn Mill ku North Carolina, ndi fakitale yoluka ya Hanesbrands ku Arkansas.”

"M'mafakitale ena, njira zaposachedwa zolimbikitsira kukonzanso zinthu zabweretsa mafunde opanga zinthu zatsopano ku US, makamaka pamene zimathandiza kuchepetsa zopinga zotumizira katundu ndi kusamvana kwa mayiko, monga ma semiconductors kapena zitsulo zamafakitale zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga unyolo woperekera magetsi m'nyumba," Peng akutero. Koma nsalu sizili ndi kufunika kofanana ndi 'ma chips kapena mchere wina.'" Ngakhale ErinMcLaughlin, katswiri wazachuma wamkulu ku think tank ConferenceBoard, adanenanso kuti kufunikira kwachangu kwa zida zodzitetezera monga masks panthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19 kukuwonetsa kufunika kwa makampaniwa.

| Kugwiritsa ntchito mphero ya thonje ndikotsika kwambiri kuyambira mu 1885

Bungwe la Economic Research Service la United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) linanena kuti “M’nthawi ya 2023/24 (Ogasiti-Julayi), ntchito yopangira thonje ku US (kuchuluka kwa thonje losaphika lomwe linapangidwa kukhala nsalu) ikuyembekezeka kukhala mabale 1.9 miliyoni. Ngati ndi choncho, ntchito yopangira thonje ku US idzatsika kwambiri m’zaka zosachepera 100. Mu 1884/85, mabale pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni a thonje adagwiritsidwa ntchito.”

Malinga ndi lipoti la USDA Economic Research Service: “Pangano la World Trade Organization (WTO) pa Zovala lisanayambe kuthetsa kufunikira kwa nsalu ndi zovala m'maiko otukuka, kugwiritsa ntchito mphero za thonje ku United States kunakwera ndipo kunafika pachimake pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, kugwiritsa ntchito mphero za thonje kunawonjezeka m'maiko angapo, makamaka China. Ngakhale kuti kutumizidwa kwa thonje ku US kwapindula ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kuchokera ku mphero zakunja, mphero za ku US zikugwiritsa ntchito zochepa, ndipo izi zapangitsa kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphero ku US kuchepe kwambiri mu 2023/24.”

GaryAdams, CEO wa National Cotton Council, anati, “Zambiri za boma zikusonyeza kuti zopitilira magawo atatu mwa anayi a thonje la ku US zidzatumizidwa kunja chaka chino, gawo lalikulu kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Kudalira kwambiri kufunika kwa malonda ochokera kunja kumapangitsa alimi kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kusokonezeka kwa ndale za dziko ndi zina.”